Research Roundup: PQ for meningitis vaccine, Phase 1 HIV vaccine trial, Bird flu warnings

Interested in more global health innovation news? Every week GHTC scours media reports worldwide to deliver essential global health R&D news and content to your inbox. Sign up now to receive our weekly R&D News Roundup email. Last month, Brazil became the first country in the world to introduce tafenoquine, the first new single-dose treatment for P. vivax malaria developed in 70 years. Tafenoquine, developed by GSK and Medicines for Malaria Venture (MMV) in partnership with local researchers in Brazil, improves upon the previous treatments, which had major issues with adherence due to higher complexity and longer duration. The local Brazilian research partners also developed a new point-of-care test to identify a hereditary condition that can cause hemolytic anemia in those who take tafenoquine or one of the previous treatments, primaquine. After the approval and registration of tafenoquine in Brazil in 2019, field studies conducted over the last few years found extremely high levels of compliance with the new treatment protocol of routine testing to inform treatment, and similar feasibility studies are starting around the world, which will hopefully provide further evidence to improve global and national malaria guidelines and programs.The world’s first trial for a potential treatment for Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever has launched in Turkey. There are currently no specific approved drugs or vaccines and limited funding for R&D for the virus, which was named a priority pathogen by the World Health Organization. It is endemic in many countries in Africa, the Middle East, and Asia and has a mortality rate as high as 40 percent. The phase 1 trial will test the safety and potential dosages of two different drugs in multiple combinations, hopefully leading to more advanced trials or at least initiating momentum for more research to address the virus.This week, the US Food and Drug Administration approved a monoclonal antibody, Beyfortus, to protect infants and young children from respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). The single-injection antibody therapy, developed by AstraZeneca and marketed in the United States by Sanofi, showed strong results in phase 3 clinical trials. If the treatment gets a further recommendation from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the drug could greatly reduce hospitalizations and deaths caused by RSV, which is the leading cause of hospitalization of babies in the United States. Beyfortus, has already been licensed in the European Union, the United Kingdom, and Canada, and other technologies for RSV, including a vaccine for pregnant people are also aiming to reduce the global burden of the virus.

The US Agency for International Development (USAID) recently released a new five-year strategy to guide its global health research and development (R&D) efforts. Informed by the input of more than 150 stakeholders, the latest strategy continues the agency’s core focus on developing, introducing, and scaling up health technologies and approaches; advancing implementation science; and strengthening R&D systems while more intentionally embedding approaches of partnership, local leadership, monitoring and evaluation, and adaptive learning into its work.Why it matters:  The release of the strategy represents a renewed commitment by the agency to R&D. For more than 50 years, USAID has played a pivotal role in saving and improving lives around the world through its R&D programs. With its strong in-country presence, relationships with government and community leaders, and extensive knowledge of local context and development constraints, USAID is uniquely qualified to advance interventions that are affordable, accessible, scalable, and responsive to the needs of affected communities worldwide.What’s included: The strategy outlines a mission, vision, four objectives, 16 key actions, four approaches, and four principles that will guide its R&D work. View the slide deck below to get a summary overview.Our take: GHTC applauds USAID for developing this comprehensive strategy and for its inclusive design approach, which considered the input of a broad spectrum of US and global stakeholders. We are pleased to see this renewed commitment to R&D and the strategy’s increased emphasis on local leadership; inclusive innovation; and meeting the needs of women, children, and other vulnerable populations.